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Tuesday, January 06, 2009

Another short cisco simulators review

cisco simulators in the news

CCNP Training Books

Mon, 25 Aug 2008 00:26:39 +0000
CCNP® (Cisco Certified Network Professional) certification indicates advanced knowledge of networks. It is the second stage of the Network Installation and Support track, and it teaches the installation, configuration, and operation of LAN, WAN, and dial access services for medium-to-large networks with multiple protocols. The content emphasizes topics such as security, converged networks, quality of ...]

My Lab Experience - Part II

Wed, 08 Oct 2008 18:19:13 +0000
The wait
Once I was done with the lab all the remaining candidates went their separate ways and I headed back to the hotel to await my fate. Its a shame I had to go back there actually, as usual there was nothing watchable on the TV, my iPhone battery was dead (with no charger) so ...]

  • Clean and intuitive AJAX based interface
  • Integration with Microsoft Active Directory® (LDAP), vBulletin™ and ModernBill™ among many other third-party applications
  • Reliable live chat seamlessly through a client's web browser
  • ViewShare to share a desktop view with a client via their web browser
  • Integrated VoIP (SIP) functionality
  • Robust SLA management, work schedules and escalation pathways
  • Teamworking features for creating and sharing events, tasks and contacts
  • Detailed reports and analysis
  • Synchronization with Microsoft® Outlook®
  • Integrate and synchronize with a Windows Mobile® device
link http://www.kayako.com/supportsuite.php?page=overview

Nikolay Andonov Abromovhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15071645130404004094noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7117947.post-4019210764961535872008-07-21T11:02:00.008+03:002008-07-22T17:20:54.539+03:002008-07-22T17:20:54.539+03:00Paintbol Game





























Nikolay Andonov Abromovhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15071645130404004094noreply@blogger.com
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7117947.post-80936109026709116232008-07-18T11:15:00.001+03:002008-07-18T11:15:58.380+03:002008-07-18T11:15:58.380+03:00wall-eNikolay Andonov Abromovhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15071645130404004094noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7117947.post-10549054541393369612008-07-18T11:12:00.001+03:002008-07-18T11:14:20.666+03:002008-07-18T11:14:20.666+03:00MPEG-2 Transport Streams

Pro MPEG Forum CoP3 or SMPTE 2022


Introduction

Pro-MPEG Forum Code of Practice #3 release 2
(CoP3) or SMPTE 2022-2007, describe how MPEG-2 Transport Streams (MPEG-2 TS) should be encapsulated when sent over IP networks. It also describes a forward error correction (FEC) mechanism that can be used to correct errors than can occur during the transport. This article will explain how video content can be sent over IP networks and how errors can be corrected using CoP3 FEC.

ASI to IP

All MPEG-2 transport streams shall be encapsulated in RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) according to RFC 1889 in conjunction with RFC 2250. Transport service is provided jointly by UDP (checksum and multiplexing) and RTP (sequencing and time stamping / jitter removing). RTP always uses an even UDP port number.

Mpeg-2 TS packets into RTP packets

For most streams, the RTP/UDP/IP overhead of 40 bytes per RTP packet is relatively low (for example 3% with a 1 316 byte payload).

.UDP and RTP headers

IP packets can carry from 1 to 7 TS packets, knowing that:
  • The overall size of RTP payload must not exceed the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) in order to prevent RTP packets fragmentation around the network
  • Short packets induce high overhead
There is no requirement for every RTP packet in a stream to contain the same number of transport stream packets. The receiver should use the length field in the UDP header to determine the number of transport stream packets contained in each RTP packet.

The time stamp field in the RTP header is based on the PCR values from MPEG-2 with a resolution of 90 Khz.

Streams must include:
  • Program Association Table (PAT)
  • Program Map Table (PMT)
Other tables are optional. SI (Service Information) is intended to be delivered via separate IP streams, e.g. in XML format.

RTCP (Real-time Transport Control Protocol) can be included to periodically inform the sending side about network quality (e.g. lost packets, delay, jitter, etc.).

At the output of the IP network, the delivered Transport Stream must be fully ISO/IEC 13818-1 compliant (40ms maximum jitter, 1 artifact every hour, etc.).

What about error protection ?

Code of Practice #3 describes a Forward Error Correction (FEC) method for protection against errors in delivering professional MPEG-2 TS data over IP networks. With that method implemented in IP video gateays, packet errors, out of order packets, network jitter and delay can be compensated.

FEC data insertion is done in real-time along with TS over IP encapsulation: Protection data is calculated and embedded in regular RTP packets with a specific payload type.
It relies on simple XOR arithmetics:
if F=A B C, then if only A,B,F are present, C can be recovered.

A FEC matrix is generated and transmitted on two separate UDP ports:
FEC columns on UDP port + 2
FEC rows on UDP port + 4

Forward Error Correction (FEC) packets for CoP3

FEC Matrix is computed as follows:

FEC matrix computation

FEC packets can be computed for both columns and lines. One FEC packet is able to recover one lost RTP packet in a column/row. If several packets are lost in the same column for instance, FEC packet for rows can be used to re-generate the packet.
Nikolay Andonov Abromovhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15071645130404004094noreply@blogger.com
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7117947.post-81610682866665110362008-07-15T20:44:00.003+03:002008-07-15T20:55:25.348+03:002008-07-15T20:55:25.348+03:00Internetwork Expert - CCIE R&S Workbook Vol1, Ver5


There is new version (ver5) of the R&S workbook vol 1. IE completely changed their style in this version of the workbook. The only bad thing I am seeing is they could be more detailed in their explanations but it's only a BETA.
Nikolay Andonov Abromovhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15071645130404004094noreply@blogger.com
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7117947.post-3766923816178838702008-07-14T01:22:00.005+03:002008-07-14T01:26:35.567+03:002008-07-14T01:26:35.567+03:00London Hyde Park


Nikolay Andonov Abromovhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15071645130404004094noreply@blogger.com
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7117947.post-60699504454481885512008-07-13T21:13:00.002+03:002008-07-13T21:18:16.652+03:002008-07-13T21:18:16.652+03:00lively.com - Virtual Chat RoomsInteractive Chat by Google
http://www.lively.com/html/landing.html

Nikolay Andonov Abromovhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15071645130404004094noreply@blogger.com
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7117947.post-7350631059867163702008-07-09T14:12:00.002+03:002008-07-09T14:14:23.659+03:002008-07-09T14:14:23.659+03:00Mercedes to cut petroleum out of lineup by 2015By Jaymi Heimbuch Posted Thu Jun 26, 2008 9:23am PDT




In less than 7 years, Mercedes-Benz plans to ditch petroleum-powered vehicles from its lineup. Focusing on electric, fuel cell, and biofuels, the company is revving up research in alternative fuel sources and efficiency.

The German car company has a few new power-trains in the line-up that European journalists have had the opportunity to test out in the Mercedes facility in Spain. One vehicle includes the F700, powered by a DiesOtto engine that combines HCCI and spark ignition to get nearly the same efficiency as diesel, but minus the expensive after-treatment systems.

The engine can run on biofuels, and we may have a purchasable vehicle by 2010 -- a year that seems to be popular for the debut of a lot of new alternative fuel car models, making ’08 and ’09 simply thumb-twiddling years for consumers. I don’t know, maybe car makers just like the roundness of “2010.” The company’s next big step will be to launch a Smart electric car which is fuel and emission-free.

Anyway, Mercedes is looking into electric vehicles, both battery-powered and fuel-cell powered. Not only are models in development, but we’ve also seen the company making steps towards its zero-petroleum goal right now, from better cabs in London to li-ion battery improvements. The company also has about 100 Smart electric cars undergoing testing in London, with that favorite 2010 year as the projected market release date.

Mercedes is making serious investments, already putting nearly $4 million into the pot of its long-term Sustainable Mobility plan, with another nearly $1.4 billion going in before 2014.

While car models may be able to run on fuels other than gasoline or diesel, we have yet to find a method of both running and producing vehicles entirely free of fossil fuels. I’m waiting for a mainstream car line that creates renewable fuel, clean-running vehicles out of 100% recycled materials in plants run on 100% renewable, clean power … Will I even be alive when that finally happens? I have hope.

Via AutoblogGreen, The Sun; Photo Leonid Mamchenkov

source: http://green.yahoo.com/blog/ecogeek/603/mercedes-to-cut-petroleum-out-of-lineup-by-2015.html
Nikolay Andonov Abromovhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15071645130404004094noreply@blogger.com
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7117947.post-21056270351929849282008-07-07T12:27:00.000+03:002008-08-11T11:26:20.915+03:002008-08-11T11:26:20.915+03:00Vegetarianism proves to be perversion of nature

Vegetarians can be referred to as true fanatics. On the other hand, they are seriously misled in their beliefs. Practically nobody argues with them, since it is really difficult to convince a vegetarian of his or her self-deception. May be that is the reason why the vegetarian movement develops so actively around the globe and continues to recruit many new members.

Managing Cisco IOS IP Routing Authentication Keys

Wed, 24 Dec 2008 04:29:37 +0000
Key management is a way of controlling authentication keys used by routing protocols. You can think of these as “passwords” for your routers. Not all routing protocols can use key management. Only DRP Agent, Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), and Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Version 2 use key chains.
You must configure a key chain with keys ...]

IP Expert Volume I - QoS

Sat, 13 Sep 2008 06:46:59 +0000
I booked a nice early 5am start time again to get my brain going, and got onto the rack session. I

CCIE Candidate

Thoughts on CCIE Voice 3.0

Sun, 21 Dec 2008 13:47:29 +0000
We have now all had time to reflect on the new Voice 3.0 blueprint and I have to say that I am pleased that they have announced them! As a relative new comer to the Voice track I must admit that I was not looking forward to learning about the older versions of CallManager and ...]

Callmanager - AD integration - Adding /Deleting users from CCM admin page

Fri, 21 Jul 2006 03:29:24 +0000
Step 1 Browse to C:\dcdsrvr\config, and open the file, UMDirectoryConfiguration.ini, in Notepad.


Caution You must open the file in Notepad. Opening the file in another text editor application may corrupt the file.


Step 2 In the UMDirectoryConfiguration.ini file, locate the key, UserDirAccess.

Step 3 Change the UserDirectAccess value to true.

Step 4 In Notepad, choose File > Save to save the file.

Step 5 Close ...]

Please provide your brief, but concise remarks on this writing about cisco simulators. Of course, it would be preferable for these remarks to be enhancing ones.
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3 Comments:

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